Vol. 12 No. 3
Ex-situ conservation and performance of genetic resources of banana in New Alluvial Zone of West Bengal
Author(s): F. K. BAURI, P. AVANI, S. K. SARKAR, B. BANDYOPADHYAY, D. K. MISRA, S. DEBNATH and K. DEY
Abstract: Ex-situ conservation and performance of Genetic Resources of banana were conducted to characterize the growth, yield, quality and biotic stresses during 2002-2016 in the experimental field of AICRP on Tropical Fruits and after merging AICRP on Fruits, Mondouri of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya under the new alluvial zone of West Bengal. In present study 143 genotypes of different genomic groups as per Simmonds and Shepherd’s scoring system (1955) based on 15 characters (Pseudostem colour, Petiole canal, Peduncle, Pedicels, Ovules, Bract shoulder, Bract curling, Bract shape, Bract apex, Bract colour, Colour fading, Bract scars, Free tepal of male flower, Male flower colour & Stigma colour) that were chosen because they are different in Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana comprising of elite clones, land races, primitive and reference cultivars viz. 6 of AA genomic group, 3 of AB, 11 of BB, 29 of AAA, 44 of AAB, 20 of ABB (Dessert type), 26 of ABB (Cooking type), 2 of AAAA and 1 each of AAAB and AABB were evaluated as per descriptor developed by Bioversity International for two successive planting as Plant Crop (PC) and first Ratoon Crop (RC-I). In genomic groups of AA and AB plant growth and yield were observed to be minimum compared to all other groups. Among the BB genomic group, maximum plant height (5.8m) in Bhimkol. Maximmum crop duration (721.5days), bunch weight (47.8kg) and TSS content (26.7°Brix) were noted in Bechakala-III (seeded banana). BB genotypes also recorded maximum tolerance to major pest and diseases. Under AAA genomic group, maximum bunch weight (26.7kg) was found in Dwarf Cavendish followed by Barjahaji (23.2kg) and maximum TSS (25.8°Brix) was recorded in Red Banana. In AAB genomic group Dudhsagar-I produced maximum bunch weight of 23.2kg followed by Dudhsagar-II (22.4kg) while minimum bunch weight (7.2kg) was recorded in Hill Banana. The TSS content in the dessert type of ABB group was noted higher ranging from 18.1° Brix (Kothia) to 26.5° Brix (Kanthali). Kanthali Clone –I produced maximum bunch weight (25.4kg) followed by Bagda (25.3kg). ABB (Dessert type) is very famous because of its use in different festivals and rituals in Bengal. Cooking-I under ABB (Cooking type) genomic group showed minimum crop duration (315days) and Baish Chhara recorded maximum bunch weight (23.6kg), yield (47.2t ha-1), hands (15.9) and fingers (224). Baish Chhara is suitable for kitchen garden as the hands can be harvested in staggered manner from top to bottom. Behula recorded maximum finger weight (222 g). FHIA-17 and 23 under AAAA, FHIA-01 (Gold finger) under AAAB and FHIA-03 (Sweet heart) under AABB genomic group were performed well and FHIA-03 (Cooking type) is gaining popularity as the pulp do not develops blackish colour in the curry. Incidence/ Severity of Insect Pests & Diseases of genetic resources of banana were also screened
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